Magnetic liquid separator



Oct. 9, 1956 R. c. HOFF 2,765,912

MAGNETIC LIQUID SEPARATOR Filed Jan. 12, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

lLUlllJlLU\lLUlLU 0) 3nventor RONALD c. HOFF (Ittorneg Oct. 9, 1956 R.c. HOFF MAGNETIC LIQUID SEPARATOR 2 Sheets-Shae Filed Jan. 12, 1953Enventor R ONALD C. HOFF Hg 6% 22M attorney MAGNETIC LIQUID SEPARATORRonald C. Hoff, Erie, Pa., assignor to Eriez Manufacturing Company,Erie, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application January 12, 1953,Serial No. 330,751 11 Claims. (Cl. 2101.59

This invention relates to separators and more particularly to magneticseparators for removing iron oxides and iron particles from pipe linescarrying muck emulsion, water, gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, andother oils and other liquids.

In muck emulsions containing a small percentage of iron particles, oftenthese particles are of micron size and surrounded by water. The surfacetension of the Water has a large eifect on the magnetic susceptibilityof the mass of material.

In machines built according to previous design, magthe rotating drum andthere would be a tendency for the muck to wash off, carrying themagnetizable particles with it, after it has once been caught by thedrum due to apparent close association of the iron and water. Some ofthe difliculties were apparent in previous machines of thenon-self-cleaning fore it had to be cleaned. having drums of theself-cleaning type were used, the

pass through, along Because it was necessary to provide a largeclearance =ment, by catching fore they passed between the drum and theshroud it is possible to provide a smaller clearance between the drumand shroud and, thereby, make all the muck pass in closer associationwith the magnetic drum and thus provide a much more effective removal ofthe magnetizable particles from the muck.

It is, accordingly, an object of this invention to provide a magneticseparator with a very small clearance between the rotating drum and thefixed member through which clearance the material to be separatedpasses.

It is another object of the invention to provide a means forintercepting large particles of foreign matter from the liquid to beseparated before the liquid passes between the magnetic element and theshroud.

It is another object of the invention to provide a magnetic separatorwhich will very elfectively separate magnetizable particles fromnon-magnetizable material.

Another object of the invention is to provide a magnetic separator whichwill separate magnetizable particles from a liquid efiiciently andcompletely.

With the above and other objects in View, the present invention consistsof the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fullydescribed, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understoodthat changes may be made in the form, size, minor details ofconstruction Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of theadvantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings:

2,765,912 Patented Oct. 9, 1956 ice Now with more specific reference tothe drawings, I

Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show a magnetic separator 1 with an inlet member 2having a flange 3 for attaching a pipe carrying liquid and othermaterials to be separated. The inlet member 2 is attached to the frameor housing 13 at 4 and the ends of the housing are provided with flanges5 and the end shields 6 are attached to the flanges 5 by bolts 7. Theend shields 6 are provided with bearings 8 and a pressure seal 9 isprovided to prevent leakage of material being separated which may be fedinto the inlet member 2 above atmospheric pressure. The lower portion ofthe housing'13 has a sump 10 attached thereto at 11 for receiving themagnetizable material removed from the liquid. A discharge passage 12 isattached to the housing 13 at 15. Liquid from which the foreign magbeenremoved passes through the discharge passage 12. The discharge passage12 has a flange 15a integral therewith adapted to be attached to a pipeline or duct.

ner. The specific details of the drum constitute no part of thisinvention. A shroud 30 is supported inside the housing 13 by brackets 31and a trap 32 is formed on A deflecting member 40 is attached to thehousing at 41. A barrier 42 is attached to the housing 13 at 43 and itmakes sliding contact With the drum 20 at 44. The barrier 42 directs thematerial fed through the inlet member 2 which flows around the end 34 ofthe trap 32 back upward between the shroud 30 and the drum 20. It alsoserves to scavenger any magnetic material which may tend to cling to theouter periphery of the drum 20 after passing the induction wheel 50.Magnetic drum 20 is supported in the bearings 8 by means of shaft 21having an extension 22 and having a keyway 23 for attaching a pulley orother driving means.

The sump 10 has a flange 16 attached thereto for mating with a flange 17on a reducing member 18 which terminates in a flange 19. Flange 19 maybe attached to a pipe line or to a reservoir for receiving the foreignparticles removed from the muck.

The induction wheel 50 is pivotally mounted on'shaft 53. Wheel 50 ismade up of drum shaped body 51 made of non-magnetizable material.Magnetizable elements 52 are attached to the non-magnetizable drumshaped body 51 at spaced points. When drum 20 is rotated, the elements52 will be magnetically induced. Since the elements 52 are of thin crosssection, an increased flux rotate, carrying the particles adheringthereto away from drum 20. When a particular element 52 reaches aposition in rotation approximately ninety degrees from its positionnearest drum 20, the magnetization of the ele ments 512 will weaken tothe extent that the particles adhering thereto Will be released and theparticles will fall into sump 10.

During operation, the flange 3 is connected to an inlet pipe linecarrying oil or other liquid containing magnetizable particles which areto be separated therefrom. The liquid is directed by barrier 45 downaround the outer side of shroud 30 between the shroud and the housing 13and aroundthe end 34 of the shroud. Large particles are retained in thetrap 32 and prevented from flowing through the passage 35. The largemagnetizable particles are prevented from being flushed out of the trap32 by the magnetic attraction of the magnets 28a which tend to hold theoriginal magnetic particles in the trap 32. The remainder of the liquidflows downward around and 34 and is intercepted by barrier 42, directedbetween drum 20 and shroud Sit, and flows around to the end 36 of theshroud 30. The material is then directed back upwardly by the deflectingmember 4 3 into the discharge pipe 12. The discharge pipe 12 has threebranches 12a, 12b, and 12c to provide a more efficient discharge for thenonmagnetizable material. The liquid discharges through passage 12'.Because of the small clearance between the drum 20 and the shroud 30 andbecause of the relative speed of the drum surface and the liquid and theresulting combing action of the drum and the magnetic field on theliquid, magnetizable particles suspended in the liquid are attracted tothe drum 20 and afiix themselves thereto. The liquid which is free frommagnetizable particles is discharged through the discharge passage 12.The magnetizable particles are carried on the drum to the induc tionwheel 50 and are released by the induction wheel 50 into the sump 10.Any particle tending to adhere to the wheel is scraped from the drum bythe barrier 42.

In the foregoing specification, I have set forth the invention in itspreferred practical forms but I am aware that the structure shown iscapable of modification within a range of equivalents without departingfrom the invention which is to be understood is broadly novel as iscommensurate with the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A magnetic separating device comprising a rotatable magnetic cylinderhaving spaced magnetic fields around the inner periphery thereof, meansto feed material to be separated into the face thereof, a rotatablemagnetizable member adjacent said cylinder, the axis of rotation of saidmagneti'zable member being generally parallel to the axis of rotation ofsaid cylinder, said rotatable memher being disposed adjacent theperiphery of said cylinder at a point remote from the point Wherematerial is fed onto said cylinder for removing magnetic particles fromthe face of said cylinder, a portion of said rotatable magnetizablemember being outside of the active magnetic-field of the magnetsrotatable with said cylinder, a shroud fixed to said device and spaced apredetermined distance from said'cylinder, and trap means adjacent saidcylinder on said shroud to collect large particles of foreign materialto prevent said large particles from passing between'the shroud and "thecylinder.

2. A magnetic separating device comprising a cylindricalhousing, arotatable magnetic cylinder in said housing, means to feed material'tobe separated onto the face of said cylinder, 'a shroud fixed to saiddevice disposed between said cylinder and said housing and spaced fromsaid cylinder, trap means on said shroud and in said cylindrical housingdisposed to collect large particles of foreign material, directing meansto direct the flow of material between-said shroud and said cylinder,and discharge means for said material.

'3. Amag'neticseparatingdevice comprising a rotatable cylin'derhaviri'gmagnets spaced around the inner peripher'y thereof, 'a' frametosupportgsaidcylinder, a sh-roud attached to said-frameand disposed inspaced relation to said cylinder and e iit'e'ridin'g-around 'saidcylinder a substantial pdrtionof flie periphery thereof, saidshroudterminating at one end thereof in a trap, and deflecting means todirect the flow of material to be separated along the outside of saidshroud and then around the end of said shroud past said trap wherebylarge particles are entrapped in said trap and the remaining materialbeing conducted between said cylinder and said shroud wherebymagnetizable particles are attracted to and affix themselves to saidcylinder.

4. A magnetic separating device comprising a frame, a magnetic memberrotatably mounted on said frame, a shroud mounted on said frame andconcentrically disposed in spaced relation to said member, a trap onsaid shroud to intercept large particles of material to prevent themfrom flowing between said shroud and said member, means to directmaterial to be separated along the outside of said shroud, then intosaid trap and then between said shroud and said member wherebymagnetizable particles from said material adhere to said magneticmember, and means to discharge said material.

5. The magnetic separating device recited in claim 4 wherein said trapcomprises one end of the shroud bent outward and back on itself in theform of a pocket.

6. The magnetic separating device recited in claim 4 wherein a rotatablemagnetizable member is mounted on said frame adjacent said magneticmember, the axis of rotation of said magnetizable member being generallyparallel to the axis of rotation of said magnetic member to cause themagnetizable material adhering to said magnetic member to be dischargedfrom said magnetic member into a sump.

7. A magnetic separating device comprising a frame, a magnetic memberrotatably mounted on said frame, a shroud mounted on said frame andconcentrically disposed in spaced relation to said member, a trap onsaid shroud to intercept large particles of material to prevent themfrom flowing between said shroud and said member, means to directmaterial along the outside of said shroud and around the end thereof,and means to direct material to be separated between said shroud andsaid member and to discharge said material, magnetizable-material beingdischarged into a sump and non-magnetizable material being dischargedinto a duct.

8. A magnetic separating device comprising a frame, a magnetic cylinderrotatably mounted on said frame, a shroud attached to said frame inspaced relation to said cylinder, means to feed material to be separatedinto the space between said cylinder and said shroud, means to directmaterial along the outside of said shroud and around the end thereof, atrap fixed to said shroud to intercept the flow of large foreignparticles to prevent them from flowing between said cylinder and saidshroud, discharge means disposed at the end of said shroud remote fromsaid.trap, including sump means, to discharge magnetizable material,duct means to receive nonmagnetizable material, and a deflecting memberin the path of flow of said non-magnetizable material attached to saidframe between said sump means and duct means.

9. The magnetic separating device recited in claim 8 wherein a rotatablemagnetizable member is mounted on said frame adjacent the sump meanswhereby magnetizable particles which adhere to said cylinder areattracted to said rotatable magnetizable member and dischargedtherefrom.

10. A magnetic separating device comprising a rotatable magneticcylinder, at shroud fixed to said device and spaced a predetermineddistance from said cylinder, means to feed material to be separated intothe face of said cylinder between said shroud and said cylinder, adischarge duct disposed at a spaced point relative to the periphery ofsaid cylinder from the feed means thereto, the end of said shroud remotefrom said feeding means beingbent outward and then back approximatelyone hundred eighty degrees-terminating at apoint overlapping the portionof said duct adjacent said cylinder whereby the direction of flow ofsaid material to be separated is'reversed.

11. A magnetic separator for fluid comprising a generally cylindricalhousing, a shroud in said housing, a magnetic drum in said shroudgenerally concentric therewith and spaced therefrom, an inlet to saidhousing and an outlet to said space between said drum and said shroud,sa-id shroud extending between said inlet and said outlet, means todirect the flow of fluid along the outside of said shroud from saidinlet around the end of said shroud and into said space between saiddrum and said shroud, and means to direct the flow of fluid around theoutlet end of said shroud to said outlet whereby the direction of flowis substantially reversed, said means to direct the flow of fluid aroundsaid outlet end of said shroud comprising a deflecting member attachedto said housing and extending drum.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS PayneJan. 30, 1940 Caldwell Apr. 12, 1949 Blind May 20, 1952 Mojden et alDec. 7, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain 1911

